Child Custody

Holiday Parenting Plan Tips For Divorced Couples

The holiday season is often associated with joy, family traditions, and time together. For separated or divorced parents, however, holidays can also bring tension and uncertainty, especially when parenting plans are unclear or emotions run high. Children may feel caught in the middle, shuffling between households and trying to meet each parent’s expectations during what should be a joyful time. Thoughtful holiday planning and communication can help reduce stress and ensure the season remains focused on what matters most: the children’s well-being. Why Are Holidays So Challenging for Co-Parents? Holidays carry emotional weight. Parents may feel strongly about spending Christmas morning, Hanukkah nights, New Year’s Eve, or other meaningful occasions with their children. When expectations differ, or when a parenting plan lacks specific holiday provisions, conflict can arise quickly. Children often sense this tension, which can make them anxious or feel responsible for keeping everyone happy. Clear planning helps remove uncertainty and prevents last-minute disagreements. What Should a Holiday Parenting Schedule Include? A well-crafted holiday schedule should be specific and predictable. Many parenting plans alternate holidays each year, split holidays into defined time blocks, or assign certain holidays permanently to one parent while rotating others. Important details include exact start and end times, transportation responsibilities, and how school breaks are handled. Specificity minimizes misunderstandings and reduces the likelihood of disputes during an already busy season. How Can Parents Communicate Better During the Holidays? Effective communication is essential during the holidays. Parents should discuss schedules well in advance and keep conversations child-focused. Using

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Moving Out of State with a Child When You Share Custody in Massachusetts: What Parents Need to Know

In Massachusetts, shared or split custody arrangements aim to give both parents significant roles in their child’s life. But when one parent wants to relocate to another state, it introduces a complex legal issue that courts take very seriously. If you’re researching whether you can move out of state with your child while sharing custody, it’s essential to understand your legal responsibilities and rights. What Is Split Custody? Split custody typically refers to arrangements where both parents share physical custody (the child lives with both parents for substantial time) and/or legal custody (both parents share decision-making). These agreements are often detailed in court-approved parenting plans or custody orders. In such cases, neither parent can unilaterally move a child out of Massachusetts without either the other parent’s consent or a court order. Legal Requirements for Relocation Under Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 208, Section 30, a parent who shares custody must seek permission from the other parent or the court to relocate a child out of state. This process is known as a “removal” request. Steps Required: Notice to the Other Parent – The relocating parent must notify the other parent of the proposed move. Consent or Court Order – If the other parent agrees, the move can proceed with mutual consent. If not, the parent must file a complaint in family court. Best Interests of the Child Standard – The court evaluates whether the move is in the child’s best interests, considering the emotional, developmental, and educational impact of the relocation. What Courts Consider When Deciding

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Do a Child’s Preferences Influence Child Custody Decisions in Massachusetts?

When determining child custody arrangements, Massachusetts courts prioritize the best interests of the child. A child’s preferences can play a role in these decisions, but the extent of their influence depends on various factors, including the child’s age, maturity, and the overall circumstances of the case. We discuss how courts weigh a child’s preferences in custody matters, the legal framework guiding these decisions, and examples of cases where a child’s input may significantly affect the outcome. Legal Standards in Massachusetts Custody Cases Massachusetts law emphasizes the importance of creating custody arrangements that serve the best interests of the child. The court evaluates a range of factors, such as: Parental Fitness: The ability of each parent to provide a safe, stable, and nurturing environment. Child’s Relationship with Each Parent: The emotional bonds and history of caregiving between the child and each parent. Stability and Continuity: The importance of maintaining consistent routines, schooling, and community connections. Health and Well-being: The physical and emotional health of both the child and the parents. Child’s Preferences: When appropriate, the court considers the child’s wishes, particularly for older or more mature children. How Courts Evaluate a Child’s Preferences A child’s preferences are not the sole determining factor in custody cases but can be persuasive under certain conditions. The court assesses these preferences based on: Age and Maturity: Older children who demonstrate a clear understanding of their circumstances may have their opinions given greater weight. For example, a 15-year-old’s wishes are likely to carry more influence than those of a 7-year-old. Reasoning Behind

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How Does Domestic Violence Affect Child Custody and Parenting Time in Massachusetts?

Domestic violence has a profound impact on families, particularly when custody and parenting time decisions are involved. In Massachusetts, courts prioritize the safety and well-being of children when determining custody arrangements. When allegations of domestic violence arise, judges take them seriously, as the presence of abuse can significantly affect the outcome of custody cases. Understanding how domestic violence influences these decisions can help parents navigate the legal process and protect their children. The Best Interests of the Child Standard in Massachusetts Massachusetts law considers the “best interests of the child” as the primary factor in custody determinations. Courts evaluate a variety of factors to ensure that the custody arrangement supports the child’s safety, emotional well-being, and overall development. When domestic violence is present, it becomes a critical consideration in determining what arrangement will best serve the child. Judges assess the nature and severity of the violence, including whether it occurred in the child’s presence or impacted their emotional health. Evidence of abuse, such as restraining orders, police reports, or witness testimony, can weigh heavily in custody decisions. Courts may also consider whether the abusive parent has taken steps to address their behavior, such as completing counseling or anger management programs. How Domestic Violence Influences Custody and Parenting Time When domestic violence is a factor, the court often limits the abusive parent’s access to the child to protect their safety. This may include supervised parenting time, restrictions on overnight visits, or, in extreme cases, denial of parenting time altogether. Massachusetts law allows judges

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It’s Tax Time—Make Sure You Understand Child Support and Taxes With These FAQs

To help you better understand child support and taxes, we’ve compiled frequently asked questions to shed some light on this complex situation. Q: Do I have to pay child support with 50/50 custody? A: Parents with a shared custody arrangement may still be responsible for child support payments. A calculation assuming each parent as the primary caretaker is the first step to determine if child support is necessary. Next, the difference in parental earnings will be calculated (the income from the lower-earning parent is subtracted from the higher earnings). Finally, the difference is the presumptive child support amount the higher-earning parent will pay the other. For more information about how child support calculations are made, you can refer to mas.gov. Q: What is the average child support paid per child? A: Each case is determined according to the families involved. The parental earned income is used to determine payments awarded; therefore, no predetermined average indicates child support per child. Q: Can child support take your whole paycheck? A: Child support payments deducted from wages are based on a percentage. Calculations are used to ensure the payor can still meet personal living expenses. As a payor, you are not expected to lose your whole paycheck. Q: Can your child support be reduced if you have another child? A: Having another child is not grounds for decreasing existing child support. Q: Is child support based on gross or net income? A: Child support in MA is based on gross income from all

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Can my 14-year-old decide to live with my ex?

As a divorcing parent battling over custody, there is always the fear that your child will decide they would rather live with the other parent. Even once custody has been determined, parents worry as children get older, they will want to move in with the other parent. Rest assured that minor children can’t make legal decisions, such as where they want to live. It is a common misconception that once a child reaches a certain age, they can decide which parent to live with. In truth, those responsible for determining custody are the parents or a judge if the parents can’t agree. Any child under the age of 18 does not have the final say in where they will live. While a judge may consider an older child’s wishes, a child’s opinion is only one factor. Ultimately a judge will be guided by what is in the best interest of the children involved. Some factors considered may include: each parent’s preference each parent’s ability to provide the child with food, clothing, and a safe home the health and mental wellness of each parent and the child adverse effects a child’s present or past living conditions may have had on the child’s physical, mental, moral, or emotional health When determining custody, neither parent begins with any greater right to custody than the other. The final decision is guided by the children’s welfare and happiness. Minor children cannot override an agreement made between parents or by a judge.

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Out of State Child Support Modification

Child Support and Out-of-State Issues Whether one parent is living just over the Massachusetts border in New Hampshire but still commutes to Boston every day, or whether the one parent is living on the West Coast while the children live with the other on the South Shore, issues of state jurisdiction may come into play when seeking to modify a Massachusetts child support agreement. Changing Circumstances, Modifying Orders In Massachusetts, child support is governed either by temporary orders or by final judgments. Temporary orders govern the terms of child support while there is still open legal action in process to establish a final judgement. The term “final judgment” is something of a misnomer. “Final” does not mean that the judgement can never be altered again. A child support final judgment may be renegotiated in the future. This can be done with the agreement of both parents, or one parent may file a complaint for modification if certain conditions are met. The conditions under which one parent can file a complaint for modification to a child support final judgement include: • Changes to the gross income of either or both parents • Unavailability of previously ordered health coverage, either because of job loss or unduly burdensome cost increases • New availability of health care coverage through a parent • Any other material and substantial change in circumstances What to Do When One Parent Lives in a Different State When one parent lives out of state, modifying and enforcing a child support judgment

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Co-parenting in the Face of Coronavirus

Amid the spread of COVID-19, we are all facing unprecedented times. As this pandemic continues, regulations regarding safe practices change daily. One thing on the mind of parents sharing custody is whether or not their court order is enforceable. Rest assured, custody, visitation, and placement are in effect and continue to be enforceable during this period of time. Court-ordered arrangements remain obligatory and should be followed accordingly. Any parent planning to use the pandemic as a reason to deny access to another parent can expect the courts to come down hard on parent agreement violations. Many judges view time of crisis to be particularly critical times for children to maintain some form of normality. In cases where parents are willing to work together, they should consider the following: which parent has better resources for the child to complete distance learning, if one parent has a high-risk job, the health of family members, social distancing rules, etc. In the unfortunate event that a parent is required to self-quarantine or is restricted from having contact with others, efforts should be made to allow for parenting time by video conference or telephone. A critical aspect of co-parenting that may be affected is where the exchange of children takes place. For some parents, the changeover occurs at school. However, if the school is no longer in session, a new location and time will need to be agreed upon. If the exchange is not possible from someone’s home, it’s suggested to find a public place

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