June 2015

A decade of same-sex marriage in Massachusetts by the numbers

Over the last couple of years, same-sex marriage has been in the news almost constantly as the United States Supreme Court has weighed in on the topic and state lawmakers have reacted. But all of these other jurisdictions may be wise to take a look at Massachusetts, the first state to legalize gay marriage over a decade ago, for an idea of how the issues will evolve. In those 10 years, almost 26,000 same-sex marriages have been performed in the state, about seven percent of all marriages during that same time period. Over 6,000 of these marriages were performed just in 2004 after the law was passed in May of that year. Over the decade, the numbers have evened out to about 2,200 per year, or about six percent of the marriages performed in the state. Another interesting statistic is that the number of marriages between two women has been far greater than those between two men, with almost 16,000 between women compared to about 9,900 involving men. Regardless of the numbers, same-sex marriages still have the benefits and pitfalls of marriage between heterosexual couples. Benefits include providing the couple with legal rights that allow them to make medical and other decisions for each other and to become eligible for benefits through employers and the government which are only available to legally married couples or to survivors after the death of a spouse. But same-sex marriages are subject to the same struggles and pressures as any other marriage: financial issues,

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How does remarriage affect alimony?

It is not uncommon for people to remarry after getting divorced. A question that often comes up in this scenario is, “Do I still need to pay my ex alimony if he or she remarried?” In most cases, the answer to this question is no. Clearly, remarriage constitutes a change in circumstances. Under Massachusetts law, an award of alimony can be modified or terminated if there has been a material change in either your or your ex-spouse’s financial circumstances. As a result, courts generally terminate alimony when the spouse who receives the alimony remarries. In rare cases, however, the court may order that the alimony continue. The spouse who receives alimony and has remarried has the burden to prove that his or her ex should keep paying support. Specifically, the recipient spouse must prove that extraordinary circumstances warrant continuation of alimony. This is tough to prove, and it depends on the circumstances. In determining whether to terminate or continue the alimony award, courts looks at a number of different factors. For example, courts may consider the new spouse’s income and financial resources. Courts will also consider the impact that terminating alimony would have on the recipient spouse’s ability to meet his or her needs. Either party can request the court to modify or terminate alimony. To do so, one of you would need to file a complaint with the court asking for the change. After the other party is served with the complaint, he or she will have the opportunity

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Determining income for purposes of alimony

Under Massachusetts law, courts consider a number of factors in determining whether to award alimony and if so, the amount and duration of the alimony award. One factor is the income of the parties. But what happens if one of the parties is unemployed or underemployed? How do courts decide what—if any—income to assign to that party? A judge has discretion to determine what income to assign the parties for purposes of calculating alimony, which is also known as spousal support. It is important to know that a judge is not limited to using only a party’s actual earnings. The judge may also consider a party’s potential earning capacity and may impute a higher income to that party as a result. In order to impute income to a party, the judge must find that the party is earning less than he or she otherwise could earn with reasonable effort. The judge considers factors such as the training, education, employment history, and health of the party. The judge also considers whether that party is the primary caretaker of children and if so, the age, number, and needs of those children. At the start of every divorce proceeding, both parties must file a financial statement with the court. This statement requires the parties to disclose all income and assets. This information is key to helping a judge determine income for purposes of alimony. In addition to the financial statements, a judge may also consider testimony of the parties at hearings and any

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